| 1 | Working pressure and safety margin | Nominal maximum working pressure: 160 bar (16 MPa). | Nominal maximum working pressure: 250 bar (25 MPa). | Choose the pressure class from the actual system pressure, including pressure spikes, shock loads, and relief-valve settings. Do not select a cylinder only from the average operating pressure. | Confirm rated pressure, proof-test pressure, fatigue requirements, and allowable pressure peaks with the manufacturer’s technical datasheet. |
| 2 | Bore diameter and pushing force | Typical calculated cap-end forces at 160 bar: 50 mm bore: 31.4 kN 80 mm bore: 80.4 kN 100 mm bore: 125.7 kN 125 mm bore: 196.3 kN | Typical calculated cap-end forces at 250 bar: 50 mm bore: 49.1 kN 80 mm bore: 125.7 kN 100 mm bore: 196.3 kN 125 mm bore: 306.8 kN | For theoretical cap-end force, use: F = p × π × D² ÷ 4 where F is force in N, p is pressure in Pa, and D is bore diameter in m. Actual force is lower because of friction and pressure losses. | Check required load, acceleration, external resistance, duty cycle, and a suitable design margin. Calculate return force separately using the annular piston area. |
| 3 | Rod diameter and buckling resistance | Rod size must be selected for the 160 bar load and the mechanical load generated by the application. | Higher pressure can increase required force within the same bore, so rod strength and column stability require particular attention. | Rod diameter affects compression strength, buckling resistance, tensile capacity, bearing load, and available return-side area. Long-stroke push applications are especially sensitive to buckling. | Provide stroke length, mounting orientation, maximum compression force, unsupported length, and side-load conditions. Use a recognized buckling calculation rather than choosing by bore alone. |
| 4 | Stroke length and retracted/extended dimensions | Available dimensions are governed by the ISO 6020/2 mounting and envelope system; the selected series and bore/rod combination determine the exact closed length. | Available dimensions are governed by the ISO 6022 mounting and envelope system; the selected series and bore/rod combination determine the exact closed length. | Specify stroke in millimetres and evaluate both closed length and extended length. A longer stroke may require a larger rod, guide, or a different mounting arrangement. | Request a dimension drawing showing stroke, closed length, mounting centres, port locations, rod extension, and any adjustable cushion length. |
| 5 | Mounting interface and interchangeability | ISO 6020/2 covers metric mounting dimensions for hydraulic cylinders designed around a 160 bar class. | ISO 6022 covers metric mounting dimensions for hydraulic cylinders designed around a 250 bar class. | Mounting type may include clevis, spherical eye, flange, trunnion, foot, or other standardized arrangements. The same bore and stroke do not guarantee interchangeability between pressure series. | Match mounting type, pin diameter, pin width, centreline height, flange dimensions, port position, and allowable angular movement. Never rely on bore and stroke alone. |
| 6 | Ports, cushioning, and speed control | Port size and cushion performance must be selected for the required flow rate and speed at 160 bar service. | Port size, cushion adjustment, and valve compatibility must be checked for higher pressure and potentially higher stored energy. | Required flow can be estimated by: Q = A × v where Q is flow, A is effective area, and v is piston speed. Add suitable cushioning for high-speed end-of-stroke deceleration. | Confirm port thread standard, port size, fluid compatibility, cushion type, cushion adjustment range, minimum operating speed, and valve flow capacity. |
| 7 | Seals, environment, and documentation | Select seal materials and surface protection for the fluid, temperature, contamination level, and 160 bar operating class. | Select seals, rod coating, wipers, and corrosion protection for the fluid, temperature, contamination level, and 250 bar operating class. | Common hydraulic fluids require compatible seal compounds; water-based fluids, biodegradable fluids, high temperatures, abrasive dust, salt spray, and outdoor exposure may require different materials or protection. | Request material specifications, seal temperature range, cleanliness recommendation, test certificate, dimensional drawing, installation instructions, spare-seal information, and traceable quality records. |
| Technical note: The force values above are theoretical cap-end forces calculated from nominal pressure and bore area. They exclude friction, pressure losses, acceleration effects, side loads, leakage, and safety factors. ISO dimensional compatibility must be confirmed from the applicable edition of the standard and the supplier’s certified drawing. |