| 1. Measure your cargo | Record the heaviest typical load, maximum load, cargo dimensions, and loading method. | Compare payload in kilograms and usable cargo-bed or enclosed-body dimensions. Payload must include the driver, passengers, tools, and fitted equipment where required by local rules. | Check the vehicle’s rated payload and gross vehicle weight on its documentation. Do not assume that cargo volume indicates how much weight it can carry. |
| 2. Estimate daily distance | Map the normal route, daily kilometres, stops, detours, and return-to-depot pattern. | Use actual route records where possible. As an initial planning allowance, target a stated range at least 20–30% above the expected daily distance; increase the allowance for uncertain routes or limited charging access. | Ask how the quoted range was measured and compare it with the applicable test-cycle result. Load, speed, temperature, hills, and accessory use can reduce real-world range. |
| 3. Match the truck to the route | Identify road gradients, surface quality, traffic speed, restricted streets, and the number of daily stops. | Frequent stops and steep climbs can increase energy use. Confirm that the vehicle’s permitted speed, gradeability, ground clearance, and turning circle suit the route and local road conditions. | Test-drive the vehicle on a representative route with a realistic load. Check braking, handling, access restrictions, and parking or loading-space requirements. |
| 4. Plan charging around shifts | Set the available charging window, depot power capacity, and need for public or opportunity charging. | A rough charging-time estimate is usable battery energy (kWh) divided by charger power (kW). Actual time varies with charging losses, the vehicle’s onboard charger, battery temperature, and charging limits. | Confirm connector type, AC and DC charging capability, local grid supply, installation requirements, and compatibility with charging infrastructure in the operating country. |
| 5. Allow for climate and load | Consider expected hot and cold weather, air-conditioning or heating use, and whether the truck will often carry its maximum load. | Treat the published range as a test result, not a guaranteed daily distance. Request operating data for conditions similar to your climate, payload, and driving cycle. | Ask about battery thermal management, cabin heating and cooling, warranty terms, and any published range or charging guidance for extreme temperatures. |
| 6. Check legal and body requirements | Define the required body type, seating, towing needs, registration category, and rules for the intended roads. | Vehicle classes, permitted weights, dimensions, safety equipment, and driver-licence rules vary by country and sometimes by region. | Confirm local type approval, registration eligibility, insurance requirements, lighting and safety standards, and approval for any custom body or modification. |
| 7. Compare total operating cost | Estimate purchase and financing costs, electricity, maintenance, tires, insurance, downtime, and end-of-life value. | Compare costs over the same ownership period and annual distance. Calculate energy cost using measured or quoted kWh per kilometre and the local electricity tariff. | Review battery and vehicle warranty coverage, service availability, parts lead times, repair support, and any local incentives or import duties that apply. |