| 1 | Dental Treatment Units | Patient chairs, delivery systems, operating lights, assistant consoles, cuspidors, and foot controls | Electromechanical chair adjustment, integrated instrument control, LED illumination, and ergonomic modular design | Motorized positioning, programmable chair settings, waterline systems, multi-function syringes, and instrument trays | General dentistry, restorative procedures, endodontics, and oral surgery | ISO 13485 quality systems; applicable electrical safety requirements such as IEC 60601-1 |
| 2 | High-Speed and Low-Speed Handpieces | Air-turbine handpieces, contra-angle handpieces, straight handpieces, and electric micromotors | Air-turbine rotation, electric micro-motor control, ceramic or precision bearings, and internal cooling | High rotational speed, fiber-optic illumination options, anti-retraction valves, spray cooling, and autoclavable construction | Tooth preparation, caries removal, polishing, crown preparation, and minor oral procedures | ISO 14457 for dental handpieces; sterilization compatibility according to the device instructions |
| 3 | Dental Air Compressors and Suction Systems | Oil-free compressors, air dryers, vacuum pumps, saliva ejectors, and central suction units | Oil-free piston compression, membrane or adsorption drying, vacuum generation, and noise reduction | Clean compressed air, moisture control, thermal protection, bacterial filtration, and continuous or intermittent suction | Dental units, handpieces, air abrasion, evacuation, and multi-chair clinic infrastructure | ISO 8573-1 for compressed-air quality classification; applicable electrical and pressure-equipment requirements |
| 4 | Dental Sterilization Equipment | Steam autoclaves, ultrasonic cleaners, sealing machines, instrument washers, and sterilization monitoring accessories | Pre-vacuum steam sterilization, temperature-pressure control, drying cycles, and automated cycle monitoring | Typical steam cycles around 121–134°C, digital records, chemical indicators, safety locks, and traceability functions | Reusable handpieces, surgical instruments, dental trays, and heat-resistant clinical devices | ISO 17665 for moist-heat sterilization; EN 13060 for small steam sterilizers where applicable |
| 5 | Dental X-Ray and Digital Imaging Systems | Intraoral X-ray units, portable dental X-ray devices, panoramic systems, cephalometric units, and digital sensors | Digital radiography, CMOS or CCD image sensors, image processing, panoramic scanning, and cone-beam computed tomography | Adjustable exposure parameters, low-dose imaging modes, image enhancement, DICOM connectivity, and positioning aids | Diagnosis, implant planning, orthodontics, endodontics, oral surgery, and maxillofacial assessment | IEC 60601-2-65 for dental X-ray equipment; IEC 60601-2-44 for computed tomography equipment where applicable |
| 6 | Intraoral Scanners | Intraoral optical scanners, scanning tips, calibration accessories, and digital impression software | Structured light or optical imaging, real-time stitching, three-dimensional surface reconstruction, and CAD/CAM data export | Full-arch scanning, color capture on selected systems, wireless or wired connectivity, and open STL or PLY export options | Crowns, bridges, orthodontics, aligners, implant planning, and digital study models | IEC 60601-1 where applicable; software lifecycle and risk-management practices such as IEC 62304 and ISO 14971 |
| 7 | CAD/CAM Dental Milling and Manufacturing Systems | Dental milling machines, sintering furnaces, dust extraction units, and digital design software | Computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, multi-axis milling, zirconia sintering, and digital workflow integration | Three-, four-, or five-axis machining, wet or dry milling, automated tool changing, and material-specific processing profiles | Dental crowns, bridges, veneers, inlays, onlays, implant abutments, and temporary restorations | Applicable machinery safety requirements; ISO 14971 and relevant material-specific dental standards |
| 8 | Endodontic and Implant Motors | Endodontic motors, apex locators, surgical motors, contra-angle attachments, and implantology handpieces | Electronic torque control, reciprocating and rotary file motion, apex measurement, and programmable treatment modes | Adjustable speed and torque, auto-reverse functions, irrigation support, foot-pedal operation, and rechargeable power systems | Root-canal preparation, working-length determination, implant osteotomy, and oral surgical procedures | IEC 60601-1; applicable dental handpiece, measurement, sterilization, and medical-device risk-management requirements |
| 9 | Dental Lasers and Light-Curing Equipment | Diode lasers, soft-tissue laser systems, curing lights, whitening lights, and protective accessories | Semiconductor laser emission, blue-light LED curing, pulsed or continuous-wave control, and optical-fiber delivery | Adjustable power and exposure time, wavelength-specific operation, thermal management, radiometer functions, and curing-mode selection | Soft-tissue management, periodontal procedures, photobiomodulation, composite curing, and selected whitening procedures | IEC 60825-1 for laser safety; ISO 10650 for powered polymerization activators where applicable |
| 10 | Dental Laboratory and Auxiliary Equipment | Dental laboratory furnaces, casting units, model trimmers, sandblasters, pin drills, vibrators, and polishing systems | Thermal processing, induction or resistance heating, vacuum or pressure casting, precision grinding, and laboratory dust extraction | Programmable temperature profiles, controlled heating and cooling, vibration adjustment, water recycling, and particulate filtration | Removable prosthetics, fixed restorations, orthodontic appliances, model fabrication, and finishing procedures | Applicable machinery, electrical safety, electromagnetic compatibility, and occupational dust-control requirements |